Major scales in all 12 keys with flats and sharps

How Minor Scales Are Formed
 
The sound of the minor scale generally makes people think of "Indian music" - although in truth, the scale isn't used much in that genre. A natural minor scale consists of 7 different notes. These intervals from note to note are:

tone - semitone - tone - tone - semitone - tone – tone
  1           2           3       4           5            6        7

If we learn the formula of building all major and minor scales then we can make chords ourselves. Learn scales that are fundamentals of music and play songs with them. A natural minor piano scale is also known as a relative or related minor scale. To find the relative minor scale of any major scale, locate the 6th tone (note) in a major scale and you will have found it's related minor. For example, C major scale is composed of C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C (octave). The 6th note of the C major scale is A. Therefore A minor is the relative or related minor of a C major scale. This means that both A minor and C major are comprised of the same tones or notes. If you start at A on any on the keyboard and play all the white notes to next octave A, then you can count the series of whole and half steps which make up a natural minor scale. The sequence is whole step, half step, whole step, whole step, half step, whole step, and whole step.
 
To simplify, you can memorize this formula to form a minor scale = whole step - half step - whole step - whole step - half step - whole step - whole step or w - h - w - w - h - w - w.
 
Practice these keyboard scales with both hands until you can move smoothly or not necessarily quickly from beginning to end and back again in all 12 keys. When you practice your scales, you should use the fingering technique outlined in these lessons. This technique works with major and minor keyboard scales and will help with your finger movements and control. So get to it and practice these natural and minor scales. While the Major scale is considered the foundation of western music theory, the next most important is probably the Minor scale, also known as the Pure Minor or Natural Minor scale. The terms "major" and "minor" are essential concepts in music, and as with chords, they arise from the third degree of the scale. All major scales and chords include a major third degree (four semitones), giving them a strong, assertive feel.
 
All minor scales and chords include a minor third degree (three semitones) instead, giving them a gentle, melancholy or sad feel. When the Major scale was introduced earlier, you may have wondered why the key of C has the special privilege, compared to the other keys, of containing only natural notes.  Why not for example, the key of A, which is our first alphabetical letter? Also, why do single semitone intervals occur only between B/C and E/F, while there are two semitones between all the other natural notes? It seems that centuries ago, when letters were first given to notes, the Natural Minor scale was considered the most important.  Note letters were therefore allocated to suit the intervals of the Natural Minor scale. As you can see above, this means that the A Natural Minor scale contains all natural notes, the same as the C Major scale.  The Natural Minor scales with other root notes all have at least one sharp or flat note. This makes a lot more sense.  It also offers insight why it has the name of "Natural" minor, compared to the other minor scales, which have different names, and different patterns of intervals

Minor scales in all 12 keys with flats and sharps

Musical Emotions

The psychological effects of the major and minor scales, and their respective tonalities, can be understood as the emotional corollaries of these underlying ideas. The major scales revolve around the ideas and the concomitant emotions of order, purity, devotion, submission and worship. The minor scales revolve around the ideas and the related emotions of sacrifice, humanity, complexity and partnership. Minor scale songs show sorrow, grief and sadness